SS-31, also designated elamipretide and MTP-131, is a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide engineered to concentrate within mitochondria. Unlike most peptides studied in this catalog, it does not act on a cell-surface receptor: it partitions into the inner mitochondrial membrane and binds cardiolipin, the phospholipid that organizes the respiratory chain.
Researchers investigate SS-31 because that binding interaction offers a way to probe mitochondrial structure-function relationships directly. Published preclinical work reports stabilization of respiratory chain supercomplexes and changes in electron transport efficiency, making it a standard tool compound in bioenergetics research.
Solas Science supplies SS-31 as a research-grade compound in a metered nasal spray format at a labeled 100 mcg per spray, prepared under controlled conditions with quality procedures designed to support consistency, reliability, and analytical reproducibility.
For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Not a dietary supplement, food, drug, or cosmetic. Not for diagnostic or therapeutic application.
What Is SS-31?
SS-31 (CAS 736992-21-5) is the tetrapeptide D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2, with the molecular formula C32H49N9O5 and a molecular weight of 639.80 g/mol. Its design combines alternating aromatic and cationic residues, a D-amino acid at the N-terminus for protease resistance, and a C-terminal amide.
That alternating aromatic-cationic pattern is the targeting mechanism. It gives the peptide the physicochemical profile needed to cross membranes and accumulate in mitochondria independently of the membrane potential — an important distinction from earlier mitochondria-targeting strategies that relied on lipophilic cations and therefore lost selectivity in depolarized mitochondria.
Once localized, SS-31 binds cardiolipin. Cardiolipin is essential to the assembly and stability of electron transport chain complexes, and its peroxidation is a widely studied feature of mitochondrial dysfunction — which is why the SS-31/cardiolipin interaction has become such a frequent subject in the literature.
About the Metered Nasal Spray Format
This preparation supplies SS-31 as an aqueous solution in a 10 mL bottle fitted with a metered pump delivering a labeled 100 mcg per actuation — approximately 100 metered sprays per bottle, or 10 mg of compound in total. Actual spray count varies with pump priming and residual volume.
Because SS-31 accumulates in mitochondria rather than acting at a cell-surface receptor, its research profile depends on reaching tissue at all rather than on binding kinetics at an exposed target. Delivery route is therefore an active variable in the SS-31 literature, and a fixed-dose metered format is useful where consistent dosing across a study is more important than concentration flexibility.
Researchers who need to control concentration themselves, or who are working in cell culture and solution-phase assays, may prefer the lyophilized powder presentation, which is reconstituted to a concentration of the investigator’s choosing. This metered format trades that flexibility for a fixed, pre-measured dose delivered without reconstitution.
Scientific Research Areas of SS-31
SS-31 is investigated across mitochondrial biology, bioenergetics, oxidative stress research, and membrane biophysics.
Mitochondrial Bioenergetics
The central research application concerns respiratory function. Investigators examine:
- Oxygen consumption rate in isolated mitochondria and intact cells
- Electron transport chain complex activity and supercomplex assembly
- ATP synthesis efficiency and proton leak
- Mitochondrial membrane potential dynamics
Cardiolipin and Membrane Biophysics
The binding interaction itself is a research subject, supporting work on:
- Cardiolipin binding affinity and stoichiometry
- Cardiolipin peroxidation and its effect on complex stability
- Inner membrane cristae architecture
- Cytochrome c association with the inner membrane
Oxidative Stress and Ischemia-Reperfusion Models
Preclinical injury models use SS-31 to study:
- Reactive oxygen species production at the respiratory chain
- Ischemia-reperfusion endpoints in cardiac and renal tissue
- Mitochondrial permeability transition
- Apoptotic signaling downstream of mitochondrial damage
Tissue-Specific Mitochondrial Research
Because mitochondrial density varies widely by tissue, work spans:
- Cardiac and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function
- Renal tubular epithelial bioenergetics
- Neuronal and retinal mitochondrial endpoints
- Age-associated changes in mitochondrial performance
Product Specifications
- Compound: SS-31 (elamipretide, MTP-131)
- Format: Metered nasal spray bottle
- Labeled strength: 100 mcg per spray
- Total volume: 10 mL
- Sprays per bottle: Approximately 100
- Total compound content: 10 mg
- Intended use: Laboratory and analytical research applications only
Quality and Analytical Testing
SS-31 supplied by Solas Science is prepared under controlled conditions and evaluated through quality procedures designed to support purity, consistency, and reliability for laboratory and analytical research applications.
Quality processes may include:
- Raw material assessment
- Compound identity confirmation
- Purity evaluation
- Batch consistency testing
- Fill-volume and concentration verification
- Controlled preparation environments
- Laboratory-grade metered-spray packaging
Analytical documentation for the current lot is available on request.
Product Information
| Specification | Details |
| Product Name | SS-31 Research Compound |
| Brand | Solasscience |
| Chemical Name | D-arginyl-2′,6′-dimethyltyrosyl-L-lysyl-L-phenylalaninamide |
| Sequence | D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2 |
| Molecular Formula | C32H49N9O5 |
| Molecular Weight | 639.80 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 736992-21-5 |
| Format | Metered nasal spray, 10 mL bottle |
| Labeled Strength | 100 mcg per spray |
| Total Content | 10 mg |
| Formulation | Aqueous solution |
| Compound Type | Mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide |
| Application | Laboratory and analytical research only |
| Research Area | Mitochondrial bioenergetics and cardiolipin interaction |
| Quality Standard | Research grade |
Handling and Storage
Store refrigerated at 2–8 °C, protected from light, and do not freeze — freeze-thaw cycling can degrade peptides in solution and damage the metering pump. Keep the bottle upright with the cap fitted, and clearly labeled for laboratory inventory. As an aqueous preparation this product has a shorter working life than a lyophilized powder; record the date the bottle is first opened and handle it accordingly.
Handle in accordance with standard laboratory safety practice, including appropriate personal protective equipment. The metering pump is intended for controlled dispensing in a laboratory setting only. Keep out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Research Use Disclaimer
This product is sold strictly for laboratory research use only. It is not intended for human consumption, human ingestion, intranasal administration to humans or animals, veterinary use, therapeutic use, diagnostic use, or any in-vivo application. It is not a dietary supplement, food, drug, or cosmetic, and it has not been evaluated by the FDA for safety or efficacy. The metered-spray format is a laboratory dispensing convenience and is not a route-of-administration recommendation. No statement on this page should be interpreted as a medical claim or as a recommendation for personal use.
By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher or research organization, that they are at least 21 years of age, and that the material will be handled and used only within an appropriate research setting in compliance with all applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations.
